Lazio Region Paper Mills vs. Upper Silesia Brownfields

Magdalena Żmudzińska-Nowak, Assunta Pelliccio

doi:10.37190/arc240407

Summary

The article presents a comparative study of industrial heritage sites in Italy’s Lazio region and Upper Silesia, focusing on paper mills and brownfield sites. The research examines preservation approaches and adaptive reuse strategies for these facilities in the context of contemporary needs and challenges.

✨ Summary generated by Artificial Intelligence. The actual Abstract can be found in the article below.

2024

4(80)

Magdalena Żmudzińska-Nowak*, Assunta Pelliccio**

Lazio Region Paper Mills vs. Upper Silesia Brownfields:

Industrial heritage as a subject of research, projects

and international exchange of experience

DOI: 10.37190/arc240407

Published in open access. CC BY NC ND license

Abstract

The subject of the research is the sites of former paper mills in the Liri river valley in the Lazio region, which represent a valuable cultural heritage

in need of preservation and design intervention, as well as activation involving the authorities, institutions and local communities.

The main objective of the inter-university international collaboration, which started back in 2014, is research and didactic design activities based

on the exchange of experiences and good practices that we have developed in the Upper Silesia region when revitalising post-industrial sites. The

method combines research and design/conceptual work (research by design). The proposed conceptual designs play the role of hypotheses, which are

veried at each stage through consultations and discussions with partners, including experts, decision-makers, facility managers and owners and the

local resident community.

The results of the project, in the form of more than 300 design concepts produced over 10 years with the participation of students from both uni-

versities, formed the basis for a public debate on the industrial heritage of the Lazio region. The projects showed that despite the conditions common

to post-industrial sites, specic conditions play a key role in the revitalisation process, constituting the distinctiveness of individual examples and

their contexts. It is precisely this specicity that is crucial for the proper guidance of the site adaptation process and the success of these activities.

Key words: industrial heritage, revitalisation, Lazio, Upper Silesia

Introduction

The collaboration between the Department of Architec-

ture of the Silesian University of Technology and the Uni-

versity of Cassino and Southern Lazio dates back to 2014

and encompasses various activities, including research,

teaching and popularisation. It is worth noting that this

year we are celebrating the tenth anniversary while the col-

laboration continues to develop.

The genesis was our common fascination with industri-

al heritage. The projects focus on areas and objects of

industrial heritage, which are very numerous in both

regions, i.e., Upper Silesia and Lazio. Just as in the case of

Upper Silesia, where the presence of industry has contrib-

uted to the visual identity of the region since the 19

cen-

tury, in Lazio the presence of industry is not exposed and

the industrial heritage has been forgotten.

The rich experience of Upper Silesia in adapting and

revitalising the heritage of post-industrial areas and sites,

and iconic examples such as the “Axis of Culture” at the

former coal mine in Katowice and the historic silver mine

in Tarnowskie Góry – a UNESCO World Heritage Site

– proved extremely attractive to the Italian partners. The

research and design competence and experience in the

revitalisation of post-industrial areas and the sites that the

Silesian University of Technology represents, as well as the

personal involvement of its employees in numerous indus-

trial heritage activities, meant that initial discussions with

representatives of the University of Cassino and Southern

Lazio quickly turned into a long-term and fruitful venture.

This article describes the joint activities, focussing on

the method that links the various projects carried out over

* ORCID: 0000-0002-9323-0272.

Faculty of Architecture of the Si -

le sian University of Technology, Poland, e-mail: magdalena.zmudzinska-

nowak@polsl.pl

** ORCID: 0000-0002-0365-6094. Department of Literature and

Philosophy (DLF), University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Italy.

66 Magdalena Żmudzińska-Nowak, Assunta Pelliccio

ten years. At the outset, we provide background on the

research area of Southern Lazio and its industrial heritage

and, as a point of reference, selected post-industrial sites of

Upper Silesia.

The collaborative research process followed the model

adopted by the authors, which will be described in detail

later in the text. It consisted of several stages: general

research, comparative analysis, preliminary recommenda-

tions, detailed research and case studies, detailed recom-

mendations and proposals for functional and spatial solu-

tions and the presentation and discussion of the results.

Industrial heritage as a subject of research

Although the subject of industrial heritage research

does not have a very long history, the state of research in

this area is extremely extensive. It includes surveys, re-

source inventories, documentation, a review of preserva-

tion approaches and references for adaptation and mod-

ernisation, as well as assessments of potential opportunities

and threats arising from the revitalisation process. The

substance of post-industrial sites varies in terms of type of

industry, time of construction or state of preservation.

Crucial to the state of knowledge of industrial heritage

on a global scale are the research papers and annual National

Reports published by the International Committee for the

Conservation of Industrial Heritage (TICCIH). They pro-

vide data on the state of eorts to protect and promote

post-industrial sites in dozens of countries around the world.

Another group of publications are studies that shaped

the approach to industrial heritage in their time and which

today constitute the literary canon in this eld. These include

fundamental writings on the issue – such as Binney (1984)

and Eley and Worthington (1984) – guides to the conserva-

tion of industrial heritage, reviews of procedures and theo-

retical assumptions (Douet 2012). In turn, the aspect of

identity preservation in the face of transforming post-indus-

trial areas is extensively discussed by Wicke et al. (2018).

Also, publications that provide an overview of the

achievements of the industrial heritage approach in indi-

vidual countries and regions are very relevant to the state

of research. A synthetic summary of the achievements of

the UK’s leading industrial heritage preservation eorts

can be found in a study by Keith Falconer (2006). The

book by Bart Zwegers (2022) oers a multifaceted synthe-

sis of the transformations of industrial heritage with a focus

on Germany and the UK. Likewise, more than 30 years of

Italy’s experience is described in a publication by Massimo

Preite and Gabriella Maciocco (2022), among others. On

the other hand, the Polish experience, the state of research

and the perspectives and research needs have been exten-

sively analysed by Monika Murzyn-Kupisz, Dominika

Hołuj and Jarosław Działek (2022).

Characteristics of the study area in terms

of industrial heritage: Lazio versus Upper Silesia

Southern Lazio is a region with a signicant hydrogra-

phic basin, which – combined with the innovativeness and

hard work of the local population – led to the ourishing of

industrial activity between the 19

century and the 2

half

of the 20

century (Arcese et al. 2014). The Liri, Gari, Fi -

breno and Sacco rivers and their various tributaries played

a signicant role in the industrialisation of the region, trans-

forming it from a rural area into one of the most industri-

alised centres in the country. Paper mills, textile factories

and various other industrial facilities, powered by hydraulic

mills, sprang up mainly along the river routes of the Liri

Valley, using water as a source of energy. The water of the

Liri Valley rivers is characterised by low temperatures and

properties that prevent the growth of microorganisms, thus

ensuring very high-quality end products. This important

industrial district of the valley transformed rural towns into

proto-industrial “factory towns” (Pelliccio 2020).

Traditional rural houses were also used for industrial

activities, such as weaving, and even castles or noble pal-

aces were often transformed and expanded to accommo-

date industrial activities, e.g., the Boncompagni Viscogliosi

Castle in Isola del Liri (Jadecola 2019). The cultural land-

scape changed, with small mediaeval historic villages

being transformed into factory towns. Within a few

decades, 15 large wool spinning mills were built in the val-

ley, such as in Polsinelli, Zino, Ciccodicola and Manna, as

well as many other medium and small ones, more or less

mechanised. Numerous paper mills – Bartolomucci in

Picinisco, Visocchi brothers in Atina, Lanni brothers in

Sant’Elia, Courrier, Servillo, and Mazzetti in Isola and

Pelagalli paper mills in Arpino and Ceprano (Monti et al.

2020) – employed hundreds of workers, such as Count

Lefrèbre’s paper mill in Isola del Liri, which managed to

provide employment for more than 500 workers. Emilio

Boimond’s paper mill, located on the banks of the Liri

River in Valdurso, is one of the few mills that has preserved

antique machinery, including the so-called endless machine

introduced in the industrial triangle of Arpino, Sora and

Isola for the production of large sheets of paper (Dell’Ore-

ce

1984; Mancini 2016).

Most of these factories could not withstand the devasta-

tion caused by World War II and the market demand for

technological innovation. They gradually ceased opera-

tions until eventually closing. Today, most of them, many

of which are still privately owned, are completely aban-

doned. For example, in the small village of Isola del Liri,

once highly industrialised, four large paper mills and three

felt factories are housed on an area of just 0.06 km

, all of

which are now abandoned, except for one that has been

converted into a multipurpose building (APAT 2006)

(Fig. 1).

Thus, the industrial identity of the region has been almost

completely obliterated. While the remaining unused facili-

ties still hold signicant cultural and architectural value,

they have not been the subject of wider interest to date.

Upper Silesia is one of Europe’s largest regions of heavy

industry; it developed strongly starting in the 19

century’s

great industrialisation. After World War II, the Upper

Silesian Industrial District (GOP) formed the largest min-

ing and metallurgical operations area in Poland and one of

the largest in Europe. More than 50 coal mines, 43 of them

in urban areas, operated on the basis of complexes of his-

torical facilities that were constantly modernised and

Lazio Region Paper Mills vs. Upper Silesia Brownfields 67

Fig. 1. Isola del Liri paper mills’ contemporary condition – GIS (Geographic Information System) representation

(Pelliccio 2020, 142)

Il. 1. Aktualny stan zachowania papierni w Isola del Liri – według danych GIS (Geographic Information System) (Pelliccio 2020, 142)

68 Magdalena Żmudzińska-Nowak, Assunta Pelliccio

expanded. Similarly, the metallurgical industry comprised

25 steel mills, dozens of manufacturing plants, power

plants and rail transportation centres (Jędrysiak 2011).

Poland’s period of transition in the 1990s resulted in

a signicant liquidation of heavy industry, which in Upper

Silesia resulted in a huge number of unused plants and

post-industrial areas. They posed a signicant problem,

and those located in urban centres were especially subject

to arbitrary demolition. This process was slowed down to

some extent when the value of the facilities, their adapta-

tion potential and the fact that they represent the essence of

the uniqueness of the region began to be noticed.

Some sites were adapted for new functions, although

the choice of functions was not always successful, degrad-

ing the modernised structures to varying degrees. Such

examples are the “Silesia City Center” in the area of the

former Gottwald Mine in Katowice or the Platan shopping

centre on the site of the Donnersmarck Steelworks in

Zabrze, which cannot be counted as successful in terms of

the principles of conservation protection, as most of the

historic substance was removed.

Among the good examples of adaptation and use of

post-industrial facilities in Silesia, we nd the New Silesian

Museum on the site of the Katowice coal mine, the Maciej

shaft in Zabrze, the facilities of the Wilson coal mine shaft

in Katowice-Giszowiec and the highly prestigious com-

plex of 28 post-mining facilities of the historic silver and

lead ore mine in Tarnowskie Góry, which in 2017 was

inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List (Żmu-

dzińska-Nowak, Radziewicz-Winnicki 2017).

An example of a Silesian city which has been relatively

quick to appreciate its potential for post-industrial monu-

ments, above- and below-ground infrastructure and work-

ers’ buildings is Zabrze. Several sites, such as the Mining

Open-Air Museum and the museum in the buildings of the

former Queen Luisa Mine and Guido Mine, the Key

Hereditary Adit and the historic Water Tower (Carboneum),

have been adapted for touristic and educational purposes.

The city has been included in the European Route of

Industrial Heritage (ERIH).

One of the ways to save post-industrial sites has been

for the Board of the Silesian Voivodeship to create tourist

routes: the Trail of the Beginnings of Metallurgy, the Trail

of Mining History, the Trail of Patronage Estates and the

Trail of Monuments of Technology are some examples.

This form of activity is nancially supported by the voi vo-

deship self-government. The Silesian Industrial Monu-

ments Route has also been included in the prestigious

Euro pean Route of Industrial Heritage (Kaczmarska, Przy-

byłka 2010).

However, there are also many examples of neglected

areas and sites in Upper Silesia where valuable historical

substance is deteriorating or being demolished, such as the

former Gliwice steelworks, the neglected facilities of the

Mikulczyce coal mine in Zabrze and the Szombierki power

plant, which was under threat until recently.

Assumptions and purpose of the study

As the above comparison has shown, both Upper Silesia

and Lazio have an industrial past. Although it is difficult to

compare the scale and type of the Silesian industry with

that found in the Lazio area, both have a significant num-

ber of post-industrial facilities. Upper Silesia, unlike the

Lazio region, already has extensive experience in the revit-

alisation of post-industrial sites and areas, so the research

premise of this collaboration was to exchange experience

in this area.

Therefore, the objective of the project was to develop

recommendations for the revitalisation of brownfield sites

in Lazio on the basis of analyses of selected post-industrial

sites in Silesia. Sample proposals for functional and spatial

concepts for sites in the Lazio region were prepared jointly

in line with the recommendations (Fig. 2).

There is no doubt that modernising and adapting

post-industrial sites to new purposes, in accordance with

Fig. 2. Research flow diagram

(elaborated by

M. Żmudzińska-Nowak

and A. Pelliccio)

Il. 2. Schemat procesu

badawczego

(oprac. M. Żmudzińska-Nowak

i A. Pelliccio)

Lazio Region Paper Mills vs. Upper Silesia Brownfields 69

conservation guidelines, is an effective way to protect and

revitalise them. The design process was preceded by

a detailed analysis of selected reference sites, i.e., those

sites where modernisation has been successful (or not) can

provide valuable insights for formulating guidelines for

sites awaiting revitalisation.

A list of research questions was also formulated:

– What are the determinants of the revitalisation pro-

cess: historical, social, legal, ownership, economic and

cultural?

– What could be the potential obstacles or facilitators of

this process?

– Which conservation approaches and adaptation meth-

ods are preferred and most effective?

– Which sites can be evaluated as good examples of

revitalisation and which cannot, and what evaluation crite-

ria should be adopted?

Based on the characteristics of the two regions, we pre-

pared the assumptions for the project. The conclusions of the

research made it possible to formulate guidelines. The role of

the working hypotheses was fulfilled by conceptual designs,

which were verified and discussed during the project.

Methods

The research method included three main stages:

1. General research: analysis of post-industrial areas

(Lazio and Silesia); selection of examples and comparative

analysis; conclusions and preliminary recommendations

(Fig. 3).

2. Detailed research: case studies and detailed recom-

mendations – proposals for functional and spatial solu-

tions; the selected working methodology, based on the

“research by design” approach.

3. Presentation of results and public discussion.

General research

The general research focus was on the analysis of the

conditions existing in both study areas (Lazio and Silesia)

in terms of the industrial development process, its pecu-

liarities for both regions and the current condition of the

post-industrial sites. Subsequently, an analysis of the

post-industrial historical substance in both regions was

carried out on the basis of the available literature and

Fig. 3. Comparative analysis

(elaborated by M. Żmudzińska-Nowak and A. Pelliccio)

Il. 3. Analiza porównawcza

(oprac. M. Żmudzińska-Nowak i A. Pelliccio)

70 Magdalena Żmudzińska-Nowak, Assunta Pelliccio

statistical and GIS data. Based on the collected informa-

tion, sites were selected for further comparative analysis.

The comparative analysis included three groups of sites,

two from Silesia (I and II) and one from Lazio. The histor-

ical, economic, legal and social conditions in the three

groups of examples were analysed comparatively.

Additionally, the architectural values, physical condition

and adaptive potential of the sites were also compared.

The following criteria were adopted for the selection of

examples:

Silesia I Group. These are selected sites and post-in-

dustrial areas that have been successfully revitalised, both

in terms of conservation and adaptation to new functions.

The image and economic success of the revitalisation, the

widespread social acceptance of the revitalised site, the

availability of materials for analysis and the possibility of

in situ research were used as selection criteria. Thus, the

selected facilities included the former “Katowice” coal

mine, converted into the Silesian Museum in Katowice,

the Guido and Luiza coal mines as an open-air mining

museum, the Maciej Shaft in Zabrze, the Wilson Shaft in

Katowice, the former Gliwice coal mine as the New

Gliwice economic zone and others.

Silesia II Group. These are selected sites and post-in-

dustrial areas that are undeveloped or degraded or whose

revitalisation is controversial. The following were used as

criteria for selection: a high degree of degradation of the

site or its liquidation and conversion to a new unsuitable

form, an inappropriate conservation approach to revitalisa-

tion or an ill-chosen function destroying the image of the

site. As in the previous group, the availability of materials

for analysis and the possibility of in situ research were

important in the selection. The selected examples included

the degraded area of the former Gliwice steelworks, the

facilities of the Mikulczyce coal mine, the facilities of the

Szombierki power plant, the former wire factory in Gliwice,

the Grodziec cement plant, the facilities of the former

Gottwald coal mine converted into the “Silesia City Center”

shopping centre in Katowice and the former Zabrze steel-

works demolished for the Platan shopping centre.

The Lazio Group. This included abandoned and par-

tially degraded facilities from the Lazio area, such as the

paper mill in Ceprano, paper mills in Isola del Liri, the

former Ex Sieci ceramic factory in Scauri and others.

Detailed research

Detailed studies included detailed analysis, conclusions

and conservation and design guidelines for selected post-in-

dustrial

sites in the Lazio area, as well as the development

of design concepts with respect to their conservation, mod-

ernisation and adaptation for new functions. The sites were

selected from the Lazio list, where they had already been

initially analysed as part of the general research.

Detailed studies of the sites included:

– a

nalysis of documentation: archival records, maps,

architectural documentation, applicable planning and strate-

gic documents and demographic, economic and social data;

– in situ research: site visits, surveys (photographic,

photogrammetry and laser scanning);

– interviews with inhabitants and local experts;

– conservation and design conclusions and guidelines;

– a draft functional and spatial concept for adaptation

and modernisation.

This phase of the project is based on the “research by

design” method, in which an architectural project acts as

a research process during which new hypotheses (Fig. 1),

discussions, conclusions and final proposals are formed. It

is a process of critical thinking using the tools of graphic

notation, idea sketch and variant solutions. Research by

design creates a form of open discourse that makes it dis-

cussable, accessible and useful to others. This form of

research assumes flexibility and variability rather than

definitive results. The method assumes complete harmony

between creative architectural practice and the research

process (of architecture). Therefore, it can be treated as

both basic and applied research. It is a kind of experiment

subject to verification.

We chose this method because it proved very attractive

to both students and project partners.

Presentation of the results and discussion

Presentation of the results and discussion were the final

stage of the project. It consisted of organising exhibitions,

presenting design concepts and holding discussions with

the local municipal authorities, the owner or potential

investor, representatives of the local community and media

participation.

Project flow and results

The implementation of the project involves scientists

affiliated with the two partner universities and graduate

students in the research process. Therefore, the project is

research and didactic in nature and open, which means that

it is not limited by a time frame. Ten years of cooperation

and experience have shown that at any time it is possible to

start a new (parallel) research process based on a prepared

scheme of conduct. Therefore, several project cycles have

been successfully implemented within the framework of

problem-based learning (PBL) works or master’s theses,

and even summer schools. The projects were always car-

ried out under the supervision of researchers from both

partner universities.

The general research made it possible to create a list of

general conclusions indicating the main problems versus

enablers of the revitalisation process, as well as favourable

versus erroneous approaches to adaptation. These served to

verify the research hypothesis. Among other

observations,

the study has found that all the determinants that accompa-

ny the process of revitalising post-industrial sites can be

divided into two types:

– “Hard” determinants, such as legal conditions, eco-

nomic conditions or the physical condition of the site.

– “Soft” determinants, or the values of the site, e.g.,

architectural, cultural, historical or social capital working

for it – local communities or non-government or ga-

nisations. An important conclusion is that while so cial

activity is essential in the revitalisation process as a “fly -

Lazio Region Paper Mills vs. Upper Silesia Brownfields 71

wheel”, it does not have enough power to carry it out on

its own.

The lessons from the analysis of examples can provide

a valuable set of recommendations for undertaking further

revitalisation activities. However, it is not possible to copy

patterns. Therefore, it is not possible to create universal

recommendations, but only certain models of conduct that

are adapted to the local conditions.

At the stage of detailed research, the joint Polish and

Italian partners allowed each other to supplement and

exchange the necessary data. For example, the partners

from the University of Cassino made a lot of materials

helpful for conceptual designs, such as survey measure-

ments of paper mill facilities, photogrammetry of the site

and 3D models.

A very important element of the project’s implementa-

tion and evaluation was the participation of experts directly

related to the sites under development (to include owners,

investors and local authorities) and also the local communi-

ty, which joined the debate on the proposals. Finished con-

ceptual projects for specific post-industrial areas in Lazio

were presented in the form of exhibitions, accompanied by

academic debates at both universities. For example, the

presentations “Lazio–Silesia Brownfields” in Gliwice and

Cassino in 2015, the exhibitions of the project (to which the

University of Pisa was also invited), “Lazio–Tuscany–

Silesia” was held in Gliwice, Cassino and Pisa in 2019 and

the final exhibition, “Lazio Region Paper Mills”, was in

2021 in Gliwice and Isola del Liri, together with a debate

involving the city authorities and residents (Fig. 4).

Summary of the project results

The project described above, initiated in 2014, has been

ongoing for ten years and is constantly being developed. It

consists of a series of activities carried out according to the

presented methodology. The project is a very successful

attempt to conduct research in cooperation with a foreign

partner. The clear definition of the topic, purpose and

scope of the study, as well as the joint implementation of

the study, translated into high-quality individual outcomes.

The project is a valuable experience in terms of both meth-

odology and content. In both these dimensions, it should

be evaluated very positively, given both the significant

scope of the study and the complex process of implemen-

tation, including data acquisition, analysis and verification

of the results, with continuous engagement with the for-

eign partners and the preparation of project concepts.

The methodology of “research by design” develops valu-

able skills of working in international groups, jointly

Fig. 4. Example of the students’ concept project: Ceprano Paper Mill “Teatro di Carta”

(elaborated by K. Dybała and N. Hołoś)

Il. 4. Przykład studenckiej koncepcji projektowej papierni w Ceprano: “Teatro di Carta”

(oprac. K. Dybała i N. Hołoś)

72 Magdalena Żmudzińska-Nowak, Assunta Pelliccio

formulating conclusions and presenting the results of the

work. During the ten-year span of the project, we carried

out more than 300 conceptual designs based on research,

with the participation of students.

The research contributed to a better understanding of

the mechanics of the complexity of the conditions and the

revitalisation process of post-industrial areas and sites in

both Silesia and Lazio. The recommendations made it pos-

sible to present valuable design concepts for selected sites

in Lazio. The concepts were highly appreciated during

subsequent presentations and debates. They can provide

practical material for further studies. In addition to proj-

ects, workshops and exhibitions, the cooperation has

resulted in joint scientific publications and monographs

(Pelliccio, Żmudzińska-Nowak 2015; Żmudzińska-Nowak

2019; Żmudzińska-Nowak et al. 2020).

The critical analysis of reference sites from the Silesia

region yielded a number of conclusions which could be

implemented into the Lazio projects, and which were sub-

ject to verification in the course of the work. In addition to

the most obvious ones (described above), there were also

very important threads:

– the special role of industrial sites for preserving the

identity of a place;

– the role of the former industrial function in the revital-

ised sites as an important narrative thread building histori-

cal continuity of the places;

– the role of public awareness and acceptance of trans-

formations at every stage of revitalisation projects;

– inappropriate approaches to a post-industrial site (e.g.,

extreme commercialisation, profound transformations

leading to disintegration of sites) negatively affect not only

the site itself, but also its broader context (Fig. 5).

Despite the differences in the post-industrial substance

resources of Silesia and Lazio, many conclusions are sur-

prisingly convergent.

An important final point to emphasise is that during the

course of the project we have steadily observed an increase

in interest in post-industrial sites in the Lazio area. We are

very pleased that during debates and joint discussions, the

term “post-industrial sites” is being replaced with “indus-

trial heritage”, as it is a record of history with its techno-

logical and spatial processes finding its representation in

the landscape and thus is worth protecting.

Translated by

Magdalena Żmudzińska-Nowak,

Assunta Pelliccio

Fig. 5. Diagram of

the project results

(elaborated by M. Żmudzińska-

Nowak and A. Pelliccio)

Il. 5. Schemat przedstawiający

wyniki projektu

(oprac. M. Żmudzińska-Nowak

i A. Pelliccio)

Lazio Region Paper Mills vs. Upper Silesia Brownfields 73

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Streszczenie

Dawne papiernie regionu Lacjum vs. poprzemysłowe obiekty Górnego Śląska: dziedzictwo przemysłowe

jako przedmiot badań, projektów oraz międzynarodowej wymiany doświadczeń

Przedmiotem badań są obiekty dawnych papierni w dolinie rzeki Liri, w regionie Lacjum, stanowiące cenne dziedzictwo kulturowe wymagające

interwencji konserwatorskiej i projektowej, a także aktywizacji przy wsparciu władz lokalnych i instytucji społecznych.

Głównym celem międzyuczelnianej współpracy międzynarodowej, rozpoczętej już w 2014 r., są działania badawcze i dydaktyczno-projektowe

oparte na wymianie doświadczeń i dobrych praktyk, które wypracowaliśmy w regionie Górnego Śląska w zakresie rewitalizacji obiektów poprzemy-

słowych. Zastosowana metoda oparta jest na łączeniu badań z pracą projektową – koncepcyjną (research by design). Przygotowywane projekty kon-

cepcyjne spełniają funkcję hipotez, które są weryfikowane na każdym etapie pracy przez konsultacje i dyskusje z partnerami – ekspertami, decydent-

ami, zarządcami i właścicielami obiektów, a także lokalną społecznością mieszkańców.

Rezultaty projektu w postaci ponad 300 koncepcji projektowych wykonanych w ciągu 10 lat z udziałem studentów z obu uczelni stały się podstawą

do debaty publicznej na temat dziedzictwa przemysłowego regionu Lacjum. W ramach projektów wykazano, że mimo występowania uwarunkowań

wspólnych dla obiektów poprzemysłowych kluczową rolę w procesie rewitalizacji odgrywają uwarunkowania szczegółowe stanowiące o specyfice

i odmienności poszczególnych przykładów i ich kontekstów. Właśnie ta specyfika jest kluczowa dla właściwego poprowadzenia procesu adaptacji

obiektu i sukcesu działań.

Słowa kluczowe: dziedzictwo przemysłowe, rewitalizacja, Lacjum, Górny Śląsk